Korcula is the island with the most abundant vegetation on the Adriatic. Its old Greek name Korkyra Melaina is especially due to the rich cover of pine woods. these woods have not been much thinned out by erosion or human hand. One of the most widespread forms of vegetation on the island is the holm oak (Quercus ilex), the basis of Korcula shipbuilding for ages. The aleoian pine (Pinus kalepensis), the coastal pine (Pinus pinastes) and the black pine (Pinus nigra) are also frequent. Groups of Cypresses decorate many localities on this island and on the peninsula od Peljesac.

Maquis - low evergreen wood - is an important characteristic of Korcula and Peljesac and all other Adriatic islands and peninsulas; it is a dense and sometimes impassable underbush, which lures ramblers by its scent. The most widespread types of maquis are: juniper bush (smric), bearberry (planika), European holly (zelenika), myrtle (mirta), heath (vrijes), laurel (lovor).
The aromatic plants are: lavander (lavanda), rosemary (ruzmarin), sage (kadulja), immortelle (smilje), sweet marjoram (mazurana), mint (metvica), sweet basil (bosiljak). these are often used for medical purposes and also as food additives. Bee-keeping has also developed recently, so the honey from this area has exceptional medicinal qualities. Southern fruits (oranges, lemons, mandarins) grow well here due to the favorable climate.
Almonds blossom as early as in January, which gives the Korcula and Peljesac vegetation colour and thus enriches the life of the inhabitants.